Which practice can make a group's decision-making process more effective?

Promoting the use of groupthink is not a practice that enhances the decision-making process; in fact, it can hinder effectiveness. Groupthink occurs when a desire for harmony or conformity in a group results in irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcomes. It suppresses dissent and independent thinking, leading to a lack of critical evaluation of alternatives.

Encouraging dissenting opinions is a much more effective practice. This approach allows for a diversity of perspectives, which helps to challenge assumptions, weigh different viewpoints, and ultimately leads to more informed and balanced decision-making. By fostering an environment where individuals feel safe to express contrary opinions, a group can explore various options and develop comprehensive solutions to problems.

Similarly, avoiding collaboration undermines the decision-making process, as groups benefit from combining knowledge, experiences, and skills. Focusing solely on leadership directives can also stifle input from team members, limiting creativity and potentially missing crucial insights. Therefore, emphasizing dissenting opinions encourages a more robust and effective decision-making framework within groups.